This paper discusses the Gram stain principle in terms of the specific molecular structure and the different ionization state in different PH solutions of the triphenylmethane dye, which will ionize an ion with a positive electric when in the solution with PH higher than 3.2; 从染色剂三苯甲烷特有的分子结构、三苯甲烷染色剂在不同pH溶液中有不同的电离状态,当pH>3.2溶液时它将电离为带一个正电荷的离子的特质;